Early Farming in Dalmatia: Pokrovnik and Danilo Bitinj: two Neolithic villages in south-east Europe

Contributions by Lawrence Brown, Sue Colledge, Robert Giegengack, Thomas Higham, Vladimir Hrsak, Anthony Legge†, Drago Margus, Sarah McClure, Carol Palmer, Emil Podrug, Kelly Reed, Jennifer Smith, and Josko Zaninovic. The origins and spread of farming are vital subjects of research, notably because agriculture makes possible our modern world. The Early Farming in Dalmatia Project is investigating the expansion of farming from its centre of origin in western Asia through the Mediterranean into southern Europe. This multidisciplinary ecological project combines comprehensive recovery of archaeological materials through excavation with landscape studies. It addresses several key questions, including when and how farming reached Dalmatia, what was the nature of this new economy, and what was its impact on the local environment. Excavations at Danilo Bitinj and Pokrovnik have demonstrated that their inhabitants were full-time farmers. The two sites were among the largest known Neolithic villages in the eastern Adriatic. A comprehensive program of AMS dating indicates that together they were occupied from c. 8,000 to 6,800 cal BP. Our research has begun to illuminate the details of their farming system, as well as the changes that took place in their way of life through the Neolithic. Their economy was derived from western Asia and it is likely that their ancestors came from there also. It was these people who brought agriculture and village life to the Adriatic and to the rest of the central and western Mediterranean. Once in place, this farming economy persisted in much the same form from the Neolithic down to the present.Table of ContentsPrefaceSummary in EnglishSummary in CroatianBackground to the researchInception of the projectHistory of research at Danilo Bitinj and PokrovnikExcavations at Danilo Bitinj and Pokrovnik 2003-2006Danilo 2003-2005Pokrovnik 2004-2006Chronology of Pokrovnik and DaniloPottery from Pokrovnik and DaniloPottery and the Early Farming in Dalmatia ProjectThe chipped stone, stone tools and other artefactsThe plant remains from Danilo Bitinj and PokrovnikAnimal husbandry and environmentThe faunal remainsThe mammalian species found at Pokrovnik and DaniloThe wild speciesThe fauna of Pokrovnik and Danilo: environmental and economic considerationsMarine shellsGeomorphology and soils in the vicinity of Danilo and PokrovnikContemporary vegetation around Danilo and PokrovnikThe agricultural surveyCommentary on results achieved thus far and their significanceReferences Read more